This site has been visited %COUNTER_PLUGIN% times since July 10, 2007
Lower Limb and Thorax Short Answer Key 2007
Part I/II: True/False and Short Answer Guide Clarifications
- 4i. circled/uncircled - tendocalcaneus
- 7f. circled/uncircled - aortic artch
Part III - Answers for 20 pts. - Lecture Exam #1
- Bronchopulmonary Segment:
- Structurally independent unit/Surgical importance
- Tertiary bronchus
- Pulmonary artery
- Lung tissue
- Chordae Tendinae:
- Fibrous collagenous structures attached to ventricular of cusps of AV valves
- Extend from papillary muscles
- Chordae tendinae of each papillary muscle are attached to each cusp of AV valve
- Resists pressure from ventricular contraction
- Pericardiacophrenic Artery:
- Branch of internal thoracic artery
- Courses in endothoracic fascia/between pericardium and mediastinal parietal pleura
- Supplies blood to pericardium
- Supplies blood to diaphragm
- Anterior to the hilum of the lung
- Lesser Sciatic Foramen:
- Formed by sciatic notch/sacrospinous ligament/sacrotuberous ligament
- Contains Obturator internus tendon
- Internal Pudendal Artery/Vein
- Pudendal Nerve/Nerve to obturator internus
- Retinaculum:
- Deep fascia
- Holds tendons in place across joints/prevents bowstringing
- Associated with tendon sheaths
- Tendons pass through synovial fluid
Original Guide
- Bronchopulmonary Segment
- Structurally independent functional unit
- Surrounded by visceral pleura
- Contains a tertiary bronchi, pulmonary artery, and lung tissue
- Allows for surgical removal of segment without damage to surrounding lung tissue
- Centrally placed lobular bronchi with lung tissue and artery
- Pulmonary veins are located between segments
- Chordae tendinae
- fibrous collagenous structures that support the cusps of the AV valves
- extend from papillary muscles to the cusps of the AV valves
- prevent the AV valve cusps from being everted into the atrium by the
- pressure developed in the contracting ventricle
- arise from 3 sets of papillary muscles (anterior, posterior, septal)
- attaches each papillary muscle to all cusps (inferior margin)
- Pericardiacophrenic artery
- branch of the internal thoracic artery
- courses in endothoracic fascia (with phrenic nerve and pericardiacophrenic vein) between fibrous layers of pericardium and mediastinal parietal pleura
- supplies blood to pericardium (serous and fibrous layers) as well as the diaphragm
- pass anterior to hila of the lungs
- Lesser sciatic foramen
- formed by the lesser sciatic notch, sacrospinous ligament, and sacrotuberous ligament
- structures coursing through: tendon of obturator internus muscle
- pudendal nerve and internal pudendal artery and vein
- nerve to obturator internus
- communication between ischiorectal fossa and gluteal region
- Retinaculum
- thickened deep fascia
- holds tendons close to joints across which they pass preventing bowstringing of the tendons allowing for increased leverage
- associated with tendon sheaths
- Extensor retinaculum:
- superior: attached laterally to anterior portion of lateral malleolus, medially to anterior portion of medial malleolus
- inferior: Y shaped, attached to upper surface of calcaneus (sulcus calcaneai), distal band attaches to planter aponeurosis, proximal band attaches to medial malleolus
- Flexor retinaculum:
- medial malleolus to medial calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis
- Peroneal retinaculum:
- Superior: lateral malleolus to lateral calcaneus and deep transverse fascia of the lower leg
- Inferior: continuous anteriorally with inferior extensor retinaculum; Posterior to lateral calcaneus; Some fibers fuse with peroneal trochlea of calcaneus forming a septum between the tendons of peroneus longus and brevis
Top
Top
Access Control: