Laboratory Identifications and Relations -- Orbit

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[ SBMP ] [ Skull ] [ Face ] [ Cavernous Sinus ] [ Orbit ] [ Parotid Region, TMJ, Mandible ] [ Infratemporal Fossa ] [ Pterygopalatine Fossa ]

Orbit - Anterior View

  1. Supraorbital foramen -- supraorbital nerve, artery and vein
  2. Infraorbital foramen -- infraorbital nerve, artery and vein
  3. Supratrochlear nerve, artery, and vein -- anastomosis with angular vein from facial vein
  4. Infratrochlear nerve, artery, and vein -- anastomosis with angular vein from facial vein
  5. Lacrimal nerve -- along superior aspect of lateral rectus
  6. Orbital septum -- divides the face from the orbit
  7. Superior conjunctival fornix -- lateral portions receives lacrimal secretions (tears)
  8. Inferior conjunctival fornix -- between inferior tarsal plate and cornea
  9. Lacrimal ducts -- empty into lateral superior conjunctival fornix
  10. Caruncle -- near medial palbrebral ligament between superior and inferior lacrimal puncta
  11. Superior lacrimal punctum -- drains into superior canaliculus
  12. Inferior lacrimal punctum -- drains into inferior canaliculus
  13. Superior lacrimal canaliculus -- combines with inferior canaliculus to form common canaliculus
  14. Inferior lacrimal canaliculus -- combines with superior canaliculus to form common canaliculus
  15. Common lacrimal canaliculus -- drains into nasolacirmal sac at level of medial palprebral ligament
  16. Nasolacrimal sac -- posterior to medial palprebral ligament
  17. Nasolacrimal duct -- inferior continuation of nasolacrimal sac, drains into inferior nasal meatus
  18. Lateral palprebral ligament -- secures superior and inferior tarsal plates to the lateral orbital rim
  19. Medial palprebral ligament -- secures superior and inferior tarsal plates to the medial orbital rim, spine
  20. Superior tarsal plate -- receives insertion of levator palprebral superioris
  21. Inferior tarsal plate --
  22. Trochlea for superior oblique muscle - pulley, relation for supratrochlear and infratrochlear nerves
  23. Superior oblique muscle -- depresses, abducts, medial rotates
  24. Inferior oblique muscle -- elevates, abducts, lateral rotates
  25. Anterior ethmoidal artery and nerve -- accessible through orbital septum for ligation

Orbit - Superior View (frontal bone removed)

  1. Periorbital fascia -- lining of the orbit
  2. Bulbar fat -- cushions the highly mobil globe and optic nerve
  3. Optic canal -- within lesser wing of sphenoid bone
  4. Superior orbital fissure -- between greater and lesser wings of sphenoid bone
  5. Ophthalmic artery -- passing through optic canal and within annulus tendineus
  6. Ophthalmic vein -- anterior continuation of cavernous sinus, divides into superior and inferior ophthalmic veins
  7. Lacrimal nerve (GSA) -- passes along superior border of lateral rectus toward lacrimal gland, transmits GVE postganglionic fibers from facial nerve
  8. Frontal nerve (GSA) -- terminates as the supraorbital (lateral) and supratrochlear (medial) nerves
  9. Supratrochlear nerve (GSA) -- passes superior to the trochlea for the superior oblique
  10. Lateral rectus muscle -- abduction
  11. Abducens nerve (GSE) -- passes through annulus tendineus, applied to medial (inner) proximal surface of lateral rectus
  12. Levator palprebrae superioris muscle --
  13. Superior rectus muscle -- elevation
  14. Superior division of oculomotor nerve (GSE) --
  15. Superior oblique muscle -- depression, abduction, medial rotation
  16. Trochlear nerve (GSE) -- applied to proximal superior border of superior oblique
  17. Lacrimal gland and ducts -- drain into superior conjunctival fornix
  18. Ciliary ganglion -- one of the "cops", postganglionic parasympathetic cell bodies, pupil constriction, accommodation
  19. Inferior division oculomotor nerve (GSE GVE) --
  20. Motor (short) root ciliary ganglion -- GVE branch from inferior division of oculomotor nerve
  21. Sensory (long) root ciliary ganglion -- GSA branch from nasociliary nerve
  22. Sympathetic root of the ciliary ganglion (GVE sympathetic) -- derived from internal carotid plexus within the cavernous sinus
  23. Short ciliary nerves (GSA) -- derived from ophthalmic division of trigeminal nerve, continuation of fibers from sensory root. hitchhikers on board
  24. Zygomatic nerve (GSA V2) - lateral orbital floor, terminates as zygomaticofacial and zygomaticotemporal nerves, transmit GVE postganglionic from facial
  25. Zygomaticotemporal nerve -- transmits postganglionic GVE fibers from facial nerve
  26. Zygomaticotemporal canal -- high-lateral orbital wall, close proximity to lacrimal nerve
  27. Zygomaticofacial canal -- mid-lateral orbital wall
  28. Nasociliary nerve (GSA V1) -- passes through the annulus tendinous
  29. Infratrochlear nerve (GSA V1) -- passes inferior to the trochlea for the superior oblique muscle
  30. Posterior ethmoidal nerve (GSA V1) and artery -- to posterior ethmoidal air cells and sphenoid sinus
  31. Anterior ethmoidal nerve (GSA V1) and artery -- entering the anterior ethmoidal canal, site of ligation to treat epistaxis
  32. Superior head of lateral rectus muscle -- bridges the superior orbital fissure and closes the annulus tendineus
  33. Annulus tendineus -- CNII, CNIII, CNVI, nasociliary nerve, sympathetic root ciliary ganglion, ophthalmic artery (sometimes vein)
  34. Medial rectus -- adduction

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