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-- MatthewKlocek - 02 Oct 2007

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Upper Limb and Back: 2007 Answer Guide for Part III Short Answer 20 pts

Quadrangular Space 4pts

Medial

lateral aspect of the long head of the triceps

Lateral

surgical head of humerus (spiral groove)

Inferior

superior aspect of teres major

Superior

inferior aspect of teres minor (joint capsule)

Posterior

brachial fascia, tela subcutanea, skin

Anterior-superior

subscapularis

Contents

posterior humeral circumflex artery, axillary nerve, nerve to teres minor

Significance

communication between axilla and shoulder/arm fracture of the surgical neck, stretch injury during dislocation

Suboccipital Triangle 4pts

Posterior

Semispinalis Capitus

Posterior-lateral

Longissimus Capitus

Lateral

superior oblique

Medial-superior

rectus capitus posterior major (minor)

Anterior

atlanto-occipital membrane, posterior arch of atlas

Inferior

Inferior oblique

Contents

vertebral artery, dorsal ramus of 1st spinal nerve external vertebral venous plexus posterior

Significance: muscle actions on rotation and extension

Anatomical snuffbox 4pts

Floor

scaphoid bone Ulnar side: Tendon of extensor pollicus longus Radial side: Tendon of extensor pollicus brevis, tendon of abductor pollicus longus Roof: antebrachial fascia, tela subcutanea, skin distal and proximal borders: first dorsal interosseous, extensor carpi radialis longus

Contents: radial artery, superficial radial nerve, dorsal venous arch/cephalic vein (superficial) Significance: access to radial pulse, fracture of scaphoid bone

Triangular Interval 4pts

Lateral

medial aspect of lateral head of triceps

Medial

lateral aspect of long head of triceps

Superior

inferior aspect of teres major

Inferior

apex of long head and lateral head of triceps

Superior-anterior

subscapularis

Contents

porfunda brachii artery, radial nerve, ascending branch profunda brachii middle collateral artery,radial collateral artery

Significance: mid-humeral fracture

Ulnar Groove of the Humerus 4pts

groove of the humerus for ulnar nerve and related vessels. medial humeral epicondyle. ulnar nerve and superior ulnar collateral (arm) posterior ulnar recurrent (forearm) course together. ulnar nerve courses through flexor carpi ulnaris and heads of origin. related to medial collateral ligament of elbow. Significance: nerve entrapment, nerve compression, "funny bone".