Head/Neck Clinical Correlate Part II, E. R Bollard, MD, DDS, FACP, Professor of Medicine

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Questions for the

True/False - 2011

1. Pressure within the orbit increased due to poor arterial perfusion during cavernous infection.
2. The optic nerve is one of the first cranial nerves to become symptomatic during cavernous sinus infection.
3. Facial infections of the upper lip have access to the cavernous sinus by veins of the orbit and by the pterygoid venous plexus.
4. A spread of infection from left upper lip may first reflect an adducted right eye and then, days later, an adducted left eye.
5. Waxing and waning muscle weakness may reflect a arterial compression (carotid tubercle) according to joint position.
6. A pancoast tumor may affect the contents of relations of the vertebral triangle.
7. Dystonia (spasm) of the right sternocleidomastoid will case turning of the neck toward the left.
8. An abscess of the lower molars or peridontal tissues may cause enlargement of the submandibular lymph nodes.
9. An apical abscess may form a fistula leading to floor of the mouth.
10. An apical abscess may form a fistula into the submandibular spaces and, thus, gains access to the cervical spaces defined cervical fascia.

True/False - 2010

1. The superior and inferior ophthalmic veins drain posteriorly into the cavernous sinus.
2. Infection of the sphenoid sinus may spread by emissary veins directly into the cavernous sinus.
3. Facial infections may spread to the cavernous sinus through the orbital venous drainage.
4. Intermittent patency of the internal carotid artery may result in waxing and waining of muscle weakness.
5. Botulinus toxin is often used for dystonia.
6. Infection of the dental pulp may spread to become either peridontal abscesses or root abscesses.

Definition and Short Answer

1. Short ciliary nerves.
2. Ethmoid bulla
3. Stylopharyngeus
4. Tracheoesophageal groove
5. Superior cervical sympathetic trunk ganglion

Essay

1. First question.

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