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Head and Neck Examination Short Answers Part 3 - 2008
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Superior cervical sympathetic trunk ganglion
Tensor veli palatini
Arytenoid Cartilage
Mastoid air cells
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Superior cervical sympathetic trunk ganglion
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fusiform about 1.5" long
located in the "danger" space (prevertebral space), if they insist on retropharyngeal let it go because Netter mucks this up
posterior - anterior surface of longus coli and capitus
anterior - glossopharyngeal, vagus, and spinal accessory nerves, internal jugular vein, internal carotid artery
superior - carotid canal and internal carotid artery
inferior -
medial -
lateral -
preganglionics at intermediolateral cell columns T1-4
postganglionics give rise to the internal and external carotid nerves
internal carotid nerve - internal carotid arterial plexus, oribit, nasal cavity, and paranasal sinuses, plus
external carotid nerve - external carotid arterial plexus, otic ganglion and parotid gland, submandibular ganglion and submandibular/sublingual/lingual glands, face
Horner's syndrome and symptoms - flushing, anhydrosus, warmth to touch, nasal congestion, nasal drip, constricted pupil, red eye (conjuctival injection), excessive tearing
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Tensor veli palatini
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origin from scaphoid fossa at base of medial pterygoid plate
tendon hooks around the hamulus of the medial pterygoid plate
inserts on aponeuorosis of other side, thus a digastric muscle
raises the soft palate, especially during swallowing
deforms the cartilaginous auditory tube and may contribute to equalizing pressure in the middle ear and mastoid air cells
innnervation by mandibular division of trigeminal
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Arytenoid Cartilage
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sits on superior posterior surface of cricoid cartilage
vocal process - vocal cord
muscular process - lateral (adduct) and posterior (abduct) cricoarytenoid muscles
pivots to abduct and adduct the true vocal cords
interarytenoideus muscle
attachment of aryepiglottic fold and quadrangular membrane (check Gray's on this)
Mastoid air cells
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Deep to mastoid process
Bony border with sigmoid sinus at posterior inferior wall
Medial wall related to semicircular canals
Antrum - big cell
Communicates with middle ear by way of the aditus and then to the nasopharynx by way of the auditory tube
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--
LorenEvey
- 26 Oct 2008
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